Electronegativity and Electronegativity Chart in PDF

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Here you can learn about Electronegativity of the Elements and can also download Electronegativity chart in pdf for free.

electronegativity chart

We use a quantity called electronegativity to estimate whether a given bond is nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic. Electronegativity is defined as the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself. The greater an atom’s electronegativity, the greater its ability to attract electrons to itself. The electronegativity of an atom in a molecule is related to the atom’s ionization energy and electron affinity, which are properties of isolated atoms. An atom with a very negative electron affinity and a high ionization energy both attracts electrons from other atoms and resists having its electrons attracted away; therefore it is highly electronegative.

Electronegativity values can be based on a variety of properties, not just ionization energy and electron affinity. The American chemist Linus Pauling (1901–1994) developed the first and most widely used electronegativity scale, which is based on thermochemical data. As Figure below shows, there is generally an increase in electronegativity from left to right across a period—that is, from the most metallic to the most nonmetallic elements. With some exceptions (especially in the transition metals), electronegativity decreases with increasing atomic number in a group. This is what we expect because we know that ionization energies decrease with increasing atomic number in a group and electron affinities do not change very much.

electronegativity trends chart

You do not need to memorize electronegativity values. Instead, you should know the periodic trends so that you can predict which of the two elements is more electronegative.

Electronegativity Chart

NUMBER SYMBOL ELEMENT ELECTRONEGATIVITY
1 H Hydrogen 2.20
2 He Helium no data
3 Li Lithium 0.98
4 Be Beryllium 1.57
5 B Boron 2.04
6 C Carbon 2.55
7 N Nitrogen 3.04
8 O Oxygen 3.44
9 F Fluorine 3.98
10 Ne Neon no data
11 Na Sodium 0.93
12 Mg Magnesium 1.31
13 Al Aluminum 1.61
14 Si Silicon 1.90
15 P Phosphorus 2.19
16 S Sulfur 2.58
17 Cl Chlorine 3.16
18 Ar Argon no data
19 K Potassium 0.82
20 Ca Calcium 1.00
21 Sc Scandium 1.36
22 Ti Titanium 1.54
23 V Vanadium 1.63
24 Cr Chromium 1.66
25 Mn Manganese 1.55
26 Fe Iron 1.83
27 Co Cobalt 1.88
28 Ni Nickel 1.91
29 Cu Copper 1.90
30 Zn Zinc 1.65
31 Ga Gallium 1.81
32 Ge Germanium 2.01
33 As Arsenic 2.18
34 Se Selenium 2.55
35 Br Bromine 2.96
36 Kr Krypton 3.00
37 Rb Rubidium 0.82
38 Sr Strontium 0.95
39 Y Yttrium 1.22
40 Zr Zirconium 1.33
41 Nb Niobium 1.6
42 Mo Molybdenum 2.16
43 Tc Technetium 1.9
44 Ru Ruthenium 2.2
45 Rh Rhodium 2.28
46 Pd Palladium 2.20
47 Ag Silver 1.93
48 Cd Cadmium 1.69
49 In Indium 1.78
50 Sn Tin 1.96
51 Sb Antimony 2.05
52 Te Tellurium 2.1
53 I Iodine 2.66
54 Xe Xenon 2.6
55 Cs Cesium 0.79
56 Ba Barium 0.89
57 La Lanthanum 1.10
58 Ce Cerium 1.12
59 Pr Praseodymium 1.13
60 Nd Neodymium 1.14
61 Pm Promethium 1.13
62 Sm Samarium 1.17
63 Eu Europium 1.2
64 Gd Gadolinium 1.2
65 Tb Terbium 1.22
66 Dy Dysprosium 1.23
67 Ho Holmium 1.24
68 Er Erbium 1.24
69 Tm Thulium 1.25
70 Yb Ytterbium 1.1
71 Lu Lutetium 1.27
72 Hf Hafnium 1.3
73 Ta Tantalum 1.5
74 W Tungsten 2.36
75 Re Rhenium 1.9
76 Os Osmium 2.2
77 Ir Iridium 2.2
78 Pt Platinum 2.28
79 Au Gold 2.54
80 Hg Mercury 2.00
81 Tl Thallium 1.62
82 Pb Lead 2.33
83 Bi Bismuth 2.02
84 Po Polonium 2.0
85 At Astatine 2.2
86 Rn Radon no data
87 Fr Francium 0.7
88 Ra Radium 0.89
89 Ac Actinium 1.1
90 Th Thorium 1.3
91 Pa Protactinium 1.5
92 U Uranium 1.38
93 Np Neptunium 1.36
94 Pu Plutonium 1.28
95 Am Americium 1.3
96 Cm Curium 1.3
97 Bk Berkelium 1.3
98 Cf Californium 1.3
99 Es Einsteinium 1.3
100 Fm Fermium 1.3
101 Md Mendelevium 1.3
102 No Nobelium 1.3
103 Lr Lawrencium no data
104 Rf Rutherfordium no data
105 Db Dubnium no data
106 Sg Seaborgium no data
107 Bh Bohrium no data
108 Hs Hassium no data
109 Mt Meitnerium no data
110 Ds Darmstadtium no data
111 Rg Roentgenium no data
112 Cn Copernicium no data
113 Uut Ununtrium no data
114 Fl Flerovium no data
115 Uup Ununpentium no data
116 Lv Livermorium no data
117 Uus Ununseptium no data
118 Uuo Ununoctium no data

Download Electronegativity Chart in pdf

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Electronegativities of the elementsMost Electronegative Elements

Here is the list of few of the most electronegative elements in periodic table.

Fluorine (F): 3.98

Oxygen (O): 3.44

Chlorine (Cl)– 3.16

Nitrogen (N)– 3.04

Bromine (Br)– 2.96

Iodine (I) – 2.66

Sulfur (S)– 2.58

Carbon (C) – 2.55 

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